1. Process characteristics of diamond tool grinding

The grinding of diamond tools has its own technological characteristics. The more prominent feature is the high hardness of the material, which causes the grinding wheel to wear too fast and the size is unstable during the grinding process. Second, most of the diamond tools are turning tools or blades. The position of the grinding part relative to the machine tool is uncertain (such as the change of blade thickness), which causes the change of the grinding point. Third, the grinding resistance is large, which makes the process system composed of the grinding wheel, the cutting tool, the fixture and the machine tool produce relatively large elastic deformation, thereby generating a relatively large "knife" phenomenon.

These three characteristics are the three "stoppers" that realize automatic grinding, which directly affect the dimensional accuracy of the tool after die cutting. If it is not properly solved, it will inevitably lead to poor grinding dimensional accuracy and roughness consistency, low grinding efficiency, and not suitable for mass production. The use of voice control technology on diamond tool grinders can effectively solve these three problems.

2. Application of adaptive control technology in rough grinding

The main task of rough diamond grinding is improving the grinding efficiency, that is, to set the safety distance as little as possible, and to reduce the time of "grinding" the air; within the range of the rigidity of the machine tool, the grinding allowance should be removed as soon as possible.

The friction between the grinding wheel and the diamond tool produces violent sound waves that spread on the process equipment. The monitoring of the sound waves can accurately reflect the grinding conditions, such as whether the tool is in contact with the grinding wheel, and whether the pressure between the tool and the grinding wheel is eliminated. If the control system can collect and analyze these information in real time, the machine tool control system can adapt to it, making the machine tool controller a more intelligent adaptive system. In fact, the development of the system was inspired by the sharpening of the knives by the workers on site.

During normal grinding, there are two situations where the sound wave frequency has obvious characteristics. One is the moment when the tool and the grinding wheel contact, and the other is when the grinding reaches the final size (the grinding resistance is reduced to the minimum), which is easy to understand. The former can be used as the demarcation line between the end of the rapid feed and the start of the grinding feed; the latter can be used as a sign of the completion of the grinding.

Even in the process of "close contact" between the tool and the grinding wheel, the change in the sound wave frequency can reflect the resistance between the tool and the grinding wheel. This "information" is fed back to the machine tool controller to adjust the feed speed of the servo to make the grinding The cutting is completed under a relatively "constant" resistance, which is of great significance for improving the grinding efficiency and extending the life of the machine tool.

3. Application of "Knife Grinding Method" in Fine Grinding

The main task of diamond fine grinding is to accurately and stably control the final dimensional accuracy of grinding. Grinding wheel wear, accurate positioning of the edge grinding point and grinding resistance will ultimately affect the machining accuracy. These factors have nothing to do with the machine's motion accuracy, but relate to when to start grinding (ie, the tool point), and to what extent, etc. The problem is closely related to the monitoring of the grinding state.

Although the wear of the grinding wheel is difficult to measure, and the height of the blade (which affects the position of the grinding point) is also difficult to measure within a certain range, the control system with voice control device can always easily record the accurate position of the tool tip and the grinding wheel surface at the moment of contact. Using this as a starting point, the relative feed can accurately control the dimensional accuracy. Everyone calls this "knife sharpening". The prerequisite of the "knife grinding method" is that the previous process has an accurate reference, or the size before grinding can be accurately measured. This can be done with the CCD online measurement system. In the industry, manual machine tool grinding is used. The grinding process of the first relief angle of PCD tools is: on the basis of the rough grinding size, grinding down 0.02~0.03mm to form 0.05~0.1 mm blade. This coincides with the "knife sharpening method".

During the grinding process, the grinding wheel is still constantly worn. The system can detect and compensate for this wear in time, compressing the "grinding air" time to nearly zero, greatly improving the grinding efficiency.

Voice control technology has a wide range of applications in the entire grinding industry because this technology can resolve common contradictions in grinding. This contradiction is particularly prominent in diamond grinding.

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